Multifunctional protein CAD Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 2-aspartate transcarbamylase-dihydroorotase Multifunctional protein that encodes the first 3 enzymatic activities of the de novo pyrimidine pathway: carbamoylphosphate synthetase (CPSase; EC 6.3.5.5), aspartate transcarbamylase (ATCase; EC 2.1.3.2) and dihydroorotase (DHOase; EC 3.5.2.3). The CPSase-function is accomplished in 2 steps, by a glutamine-dependent amidotransferase activity (GATase) that binds and cleaves glutamine to produce ammonia, followed by an ammonium-dependent carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, which reacts with the ammonia, hydrogencarbonate and ATP to form carbamoyl phosphate. Cytoplasm, Nucleus HGNC:1424 CAD GATD4 790 ENSG00000084774 NM_001306079 P27708 First steps of pyrimidine synthesis horizontal https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P27708 CAD Multifunctional protein CAD Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 2-aspartate transcarbamylase-dihydroorotase Multifunctional protein that encodes the first 3 enzymatic activities of the de novo pyrimidine pathway: carbamoylphosphate synthetase (CPSase; EC 6.3.5.5), aspartate transcarbamylase (ATCase; EC 2.1.3.2) and dihydroorotase (DHOase; EC 3.5.2.3). The CPSase-function is accomplished in 2 steps, by a glutamine-dependent amidotransferase activity (GATase) that binds and cleaves glutamine to produce ammonia, followed by an ammonium-dependent carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, which reacts with the ammonia, hydrogencarbonate and ATP to form carbamoyl phosphate. Cytoplasm, Nucleus HGNC:1424 CAD GATD4 790 ENSG00000084774 NM_001306079 P27708 First steps of pyrimidine synthesis horizontal https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P27708 CAD MAPK3; MAPK1 [{"symbol": "MAPK3", "props": [["Full name", "Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3"], ["Alternative names", "ERT2; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1; Insulin-stimulated MAP2 kinase; MAP kinase isoform p44; Microtubule-associated protein 2 kinase; p44-ERK1"], ["Function", "Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade."], ["Location", "Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Membrane, caveola, Cell junction, focal adhesion"], ["HGNC", "HGNC:6877"], ["HGNC symbol", "MAPK3"], ["HGNC aliases", "ERK1, p44mapk, p44erk1, ERK-1, PRKM3"], ["Entrez", "5595"], ["Ensembl", "ENSG00000102882"], ["RefSeq", "NM_001040056"], ["UniProt", "P27361"], ["Note", "Phosphorylates CAD"]]}, {"symbol": "MAPK1", "props": [["Full name", "Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1"], ["Alternative names", "ERT1; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2; MAP kinase isoform p42; Mitogen-activated protein kinase 2"], ["Function", "Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade."], ["Location", "Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle, Nucleus, Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, Cytoplasm, Membrane, caveola, Cell junction, focal adhesion"], ["HGNC", "HGNC:6871"], ["HGNC symbol", "MAPK1"], ["HGNC aliases", "ERK, ERK2, p41mapk, MAPK2, PRKM2, PRKM1"], ["Entrez", "5594"], ["Ensembl", "ENSG00000100030"], ["RefSeq", "NM_002745"], ["UniProt", "P28482"], ["Note", "Phosphorylates CAD"]]}] horizontal ERK1/2 ATP(4-) ATP; adenosine 5'-triphosphate(4-) A nucleoside triphosphate(4−) obtained by global deprotonation of the triphosphate OH groups of ATP; major species present at pH 7.3. C10H12N5O13P3 CHEBI:30616 InChI=1S/C10H16N5O13P3/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(17)6(16)4(26-10)1-25-30(21,22)28-31(23,24)27-29(18,19)20/h2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H,21,22)(H,23,24)(H2,11,12,13)(H2,18,19,20)/p-4/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1 ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-J horizontal https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:30616 ATP L-glutamine zwitterion (2S)-5-amino-2-ammonio-5-oxopentanoate; (2S)-5-amino-2-azaniumyl-5-oxopentanoate; L-glutamine An amino acid zwitterion arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of L-glutamine; major species at pH 7.3. C5H10N2O3 CHEBI:58359 InChI=1S/C5H10N2O3/c6-3(5(9)10)1-2-4(7)8/h3H,1-2,6H2,(H2,7,8)(H,9,10)/t3-/m0/s1 ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine horizontal https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:58359 glutamine hydrogencarbonate Acid carbonate; BICARBONATE ION; Bicarbonate; HCO3(-); HCO3-; [CO2(OH)](-); hydrogen carbonate; hydrogen(trioxidocarbonate)(1-); hydrogencarbonate(1-); hydrogentrioxocarbonate(1-); hydrogentrioxocarbonate(IV); hydroxidodioxidocarbonate(1-) The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid. CHO3 CHEBI:17544 C00288 HMDB0000595 InChI=1S/CH2O3/c2-1(3)4/h(H2,2,3,4)/p-1 BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M horizontal https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:17544 HCO3- ADP(3-) 5'-O-[(phosphonatooxy)phosphinato]adenosine; ADP trianion; ADP; adenosine 5'-diphosphate A nucleoside 5'-diphosphate(3−) arising from deprotonation of all three diphosphate OH groups of adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP); major species present at pH 7.3. C10H12N5O10P2 CHEBI:456216 InChI=1S/C10H15N5O10P2/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(17)6(16)4(24-10)1-23-27(21,22)25-26(18,19)20/h2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H,21,22)(H2,11,12,13)(H2,18,19,20)/p-3/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1 XTWYTFMLZFPYCI-KQYNXXCUSA-K horizontal https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:456216 ADP hydrogenphosphate HPO4(2-); HYDROGENPHOSPHATE ION; INORGANIC PHOSPHATE GROUP; [P(OH)O3](2-); [PO3(OH)](2-); hydrogen phosphate; hydrogen(tetraoxidophosphate)(2-); hydrogentetraoxophosphate(2-); hydrogentetraoxophosphate(V); hydroxidotrioxidophosphate(2-); phosphate A phosphate ion that is the conjugate base of dihydrogenphosphate. HO4P CHEBI:43474 InChI=1S/H3O4P/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H3,1,2,3,4)/p-2 NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Inorganic phosphate horizontal https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:43474 Pi L-glutamate(1-) (2S)-2-ammoniopentanedioate; L-glutamate; L-glutamic acid monoanion; L-glutamic acid, ion(1-); hydrogen L-glutamate An α-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of L-glutamic acid, having anionic carboxy groups and a cationic amino group C5H8NO4 CHEBI:29985 InChI=1S/C5H9NO4/c6-3(5(9)10)1-2-4(7)8/h3H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/p-1/t3-/m0/s1 WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-M horizontal https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:29985 glutamate horizontal carbamoyl phosphate(2-) carbamoyl phosphate dianion; carbamoyl phosphate A doubly-charged organophosphate oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of carbamoyl phosphate; major species at pH 7.3. CH2NO5P CHEBI:58228 InChI=1S/CH4NO5P/c2-1(3)7-8(4,5)6/h(H2,2,3)(H2,4,5,6)/p-2 FFQKYPRQEYGKAF-UHFFFAOYSA-L horizontal https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:58228 carbamoyl-P ADP(3-) 5'-O-[(phosphonatooxy)phosphinato]adenosine; ADP trianion; ADP; adenosine 5'-diphosphate A nucleoside 5'-diphosphate(3−) arising from deprotonation of all three diphosphate OH groups of adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP); major species present at pH 7.3. C10H12N5O10P2 CHEBI:456216 InChI=1S/C10H15N5O10P2/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(17)6(16)4(24-10)1-23-27(21,22)25-26(18,19)20/h2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H,21,22)(H2,11,12,13)(H2,18,19,20)/p-3/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1 XTWYTFMLZFPYCI-KQYNXXCUSA-K horizontal https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:456216 ADP ATP(4-) ATP; adenosine 5'-triphosphate(4-) A nucleoside triphosphate(4−) obtained by global deprotonation of the triphosphate OH groups of ATP; major species present at pH 7.3. C10H12N5O13P3 CHEBI:30616 InChI=1S/C10H16N5O13P3/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(17)6(16)4(26-10)1-25-30(21,22)28-31(23,24)27-29(18,19)20/h2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H,21,22)(H,23,24)(H2,11,12,13)(H2,18,19,20)/p-4/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1 ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-J horizontal https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:30616 ATP vertical @T456 P@T456